// Science · Glossary

Prenylation

⚗️ Science First mentioned: Ep. 228

A post-translational biochemical reaction in which a prenyl group (derived from isoprene units) is transferred to another molecule such as an amino acid. In cannabis, prenylation of cysteine is thought to be the primary pathway for producing volatile sulfur compounds like thiols and thiolates.

Ian explained on the aromatic volatile episode that prenylation is a very common post-translational modification of proteins. The sulfur transfer from cysteine through prenylation reactions creates the VSCs that give cannabis its characteristic 'gas' and 'skunk' aromas. Different precursors like methionine versus cysteine preferentially produce different aromatic compounds — thiolates versus straight thiols.

Ep. 228 Aromatic Volatiles Deep Dive